Which of the following is a requirement for a Windows domain?

A Windows domain requires a Windows Server running Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) because AD DS is the foundational technology that supports domain management, user authentication, and authorization in a network. This service helps to create and manage domains, which are essential for administrating and organizing resources such as computers and users within a network environment. Without a server that runs AD DS, the functionalities and benefits of a Windows domain, like centralized management and security policies, cannot be effectively implemented.

The other options don't align with the requirements for a Windows domain. A peer-to-peer network structure is typically used for small networks without the need for centralized management and does not support domain functionality. Limited network access is not inherent to a domain structure; typically, domains provide controlled access based on user credentials. Lastly, while static IP addressing can be used in a Windows domain, it is not a requirement; dynamic addressing through DHCP can also be utilized effectively with domains.